a. The formula for the Lydian modal scale is LMM (Figure 4-1).

b. The Lydian scale's half step/whole step interval relationship corresponds to a white scale from F to F on a piano keyboard (Figure 4-2).

c. A Circle of Lydian Keys can be constructed to represent the remaining Lydian scales by using the Major Circle of Fifths and shifting the number of sharps and flats one key to the right. You can figure out the number of flats or sharps by subtracting one flat or adding one sharp to the parallel major scale. The F Lydian scale has no flats or sharps (Figure 4-3).

d. The Lydian scale has a raised subdominant ( 4) when compared to its parallel (same tonic) major scale (Figure 4-4).